古代寓言小故事100字
中國古代寓言源遠流長，在先秦時期已具雛形。先後經歷了先秦的說理寓言、兩漢的勸戒寓言，魏晉南北朝的嘲諷寓言、唐宋的諷刺寓言和明清的詼諧寓言等五個階段。
塞翁失馬
戰國時期有一位老人，名叫塞翁。他養了許多馬，一天馬群中忽然有一匹走失了。鄰居們聽到這事，都來安慰他不必太著急，年齡大了，多注意身體。塞翁見有人勸慰，笑笑說：“丟了一匹馬損失不大，沒準還會帶來福氣。”
鄰居聽了塞翁的話，心裡覺得好笑。馬丟了，明明是件壞事，他卻認為也許是好事，顯然是自我安慰而已。可是過了沒幾天，丟馬不僅自動回家，還帶回一匹駿馬。
鄰居聽說馬自己回來了，非常佩服塞翁的預見，向塞翁道賀說：“還是您老有遠見，馬不僅沒有丟，還帶回一匹好馬，真是福氣呀。”
塞翁聽了鄰人的祝賀，反到一點高興的樣子都沒有，憂慮地說：“白白得了一匹好馬，不一定是什麼福氣，也許惹出什麼麻煩來。”
鄰居們以為他故作姿態純屬老年人的狡猾。心裡明明高興，有意不說出來。
塞翁有個獨生子，非常喜歡騎馬。他發現帶回來的那匹馬顧盼生姿，身長蹄大，嘶鳴嘹亮，膘悍神駿，一看就知道是匹好馬。他每天都騎馬出遊，心中洋洋得意。
一天，他高興得有些過火，打馬飛奔，一個趔趄，從馬背上跌下來，摔斷了腿。鄰居聽說，紛紛來慰問。
塞翁說：“沒什麼，腿摔斷了卻保住性命，或許是福氣呢。”鄰居們覺得他又在胡言亂語。他們想不出，摔斷腿會帶來什麼福氣。
不久，匈奴兵大舉入侵，青年人被應徵入伍，塞翁的兒子因為摔斷了腿，不能去當兵。入伍的青年都戰死了，唯有塞翁的兒子保全了性命。
亡羊補牢 猶未為晚
戰國時期，楚襄王統治楚國時，國勢不振。楚王和重要的大臣都荒淫無能。他們一直沉溺於奢侈享樂之中。大臣莊辛預見到楚國會發生危險。一天他勸諫楚王說：" 陛下，無論你走到哪兒，身旁總是那些奉承你的'人，他們想盡辦法讓您高興，您就忘了處理國事。長此以往，國家遲早會滅亡的。"
楚王大怒："大膽!你居然用這樣惡毒的話來詛咒我的國家，蓄意挑起人民的不滿!" 莊辛解釋說："我不敢詛咒楚國，但我可以預言楚國正面臨著巨大的危險。" 莊辛見楚王如此寵信那些腐敗的大臣，相信楚國必定要亡國。於是他向楚王請求離開楚國，到趙國居住一段時候。
楚王同意了，他便到趙國去了。五個月之後，秦君果然派軍入侵楚國，佔領了大片土地。楚王被迫流亡。這時，他想起了莊辛的勸諫，於是派人接莊辛回來。楚王見了莊辛，便問："現在我該怎麼辦呢?"
莊辛回答說："丟了羊，就把羊圈修好，不算遲。" 然後他提出許多如何重振國家，收復失地的好謀略。楚王非常高興。
成語"亡羊補牢"就是由莊辛對楚王的回答而來的。比喻事情出了差錯，有了損失，如果及時補救，還能夠彌補，吸取教訓。
Mend the fold after a sheep is lost
During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC)， the State of Chu not very powerful. The king and the important court officials were dissolute and incompetent. They indulged in luxury and excessive pleasure all the time. Zhuang Xin, one of the ministers foresaw that the country was in danger. One day he remonstrated with the king: "Your Majesty, wherever you go, you’re always surrounded by people who flatter you with what you like. They try everything to make you happy so that you forgot to tend to state affairs. If you go on like this, no doubt, the country will perish sooner or later."
The King of Chu flew into a rage. "How dare you! You even use such vicious words to curse my country and mean to arouse resentment among the people!" Zhuang Xin explained, "I dare not curse the State of Chu. But I really have a premonition that Chu is facing great danger." Seeing that the king is especially fond of those corrupt officials and trust them in everything, the minister thought Chu is bound to extinct. So he asked the king to let him leave Chu. He wanted to go to the State of Zhao and stay there for a while.
The king gave him the leave.
Five months later, the King of Qin sent his troops to invade Chu and occupied a large tract of its territory. The King of Chu himself went into exile. Now, the king remembered Zhuang Xin’s words. He sent his men to fetch him. When the king saw Zhuang Xin again, he asked him, "What can I do now?"
Zhuang Xin replied, "It’s not too late if you mend the sheepfold when you find a sheep is missing." He then made some good suggestions to rehabilitate the state and recover the lost land. The king was very much pleased.
The idiom "Mend the fold after a sheep is lost" has developed from Zhuang Xin’s answer to the king.
We still use this metaphor to advise someone that even when he has made a mistake and suffered losses, he can still remedy it by drawing lessons from the mistake.