大學英語四級試題及答案
聽力試題
短篇新聞第一篇：
One of Google's self-driving cars crashed into a bus in California last month. There were no injuries.
It is not the first time one of Google's famed self-driving cars has been involved in a crash, but it may be the first time it has caused one.
On February 14th the self-driving car, travelling at 2mph (3km/h), pulled out in front of a public bus going 15mph (24km/h).
The man in the Google vehicle reported that he assumed the bus would slow down to let the car out, and so he did not switch to the manual mode.
In a statement, Google said: "We clearly bear some responsibility, because if our car hadn't moved, there wouldn't have been a crash."
That said, our test driver believed the bus was going to slow or stop to allow us to merge into the traffic, and that there would be sufficient space to do that."
The company's self-driving cars have done well over a million miles across various states in the US, and until now have only reported minor accidents.
Q1: According to Google, what was the cause of the accident?
Q2: How have Google’s self-driving cars performed so far?
短篇新聞第二篇：
Thousands of bees left a town after landing on the back of a car when their queen got stuck in its boot. Tom Moses who works at a nearby national park, noticed a “brown patch” on the back of the car after the owner parked it to do some shopping. When he looked closer he realized it was a huge group of bees.
Moses said: “I have never seen that many bees in one spot. It was very unusual. They were very close together and there was a lot of noise and movements, it was interesting to see such a strange sight. But there were a lot of people around and I was a bit worried about the bees and the people stopping to look. I thought that someone might do something stupid.
Moses called two local bees specialists who helped removed the bees by attracting them into a box.
Moses spent three hours looking after the bees and was stung five times, he said my stings are a bit painful but I am pleased that all worked out and I could help, people need to realize that bees are valuable and they should be looked after.
Q3. What do we learn about Tom Moses?
Q4. What do we know about the bees on the back of the car?
短篇新聞第三篇：
A new species of snake has been discovered on a remote island in the Bahamas.
Scientists identified 20 of the one meter-long snakes during two trips to the Caribbean islands. The second trip was made in October last year.
One of the creatures made a dramatic appearance by moving on to the head of the team leader as he slept.
The snake has been named silver boa because it is metallic colored and the first specimen found was climbing a silver palm tree.
The team was led by Dr. Graham Reynolds, from Harvard University, the scientist confirmed the snake was a previously unknown species after conducting a genetic analysis of tissue samples.
Commenting on the find, snake expert Robert Henderson from the Museum of Natural History, said: “Worldwide new species of frogs are being discovered and described quite regularity. New species of snakes, however, are much rarer.
Q5. What is the news report mainly about?
Q6. What do we learn about the scientific team leader?
Q7. How did the newly discovered creature get its name?
長對話第一篇：
W: Did you enjoy your stay with us, Mr. Brown?
M: Yes, very much. I had a wonderful time here. Now I'm going to the airport. My flight leaves in less than 2 hours. So, could you tell me, what's the quickest way to get there?
W: Well, we can call a taxi for you. We also have a free airport shuttle service.
M: That sounds great, but will the shuttle get me to the airport in time?
W: Yes, it should. The next shuttle leaves in 15 minutes. And it takes some 25 minutes to get to the airport.
M: Fantastic! I'll just wait in the lobby. Will you please let me know when it's leaving?
W: Of course, sir.
M: Now I would like to settle my mini-bar bill. How much is that?
W: Let's see. It comes to $37.50. How would you like to pay for it?
M: I'll pay with my credit card. Thanks. But I'll need a receipt, so I can charge it to my company.
W: Absolutely! Here you are, sir. If you like, I can leave your bags with the porter. And he can load them onto the shuttle for you when it arrives.
M: That would be great. Thank you.
W: Would you like to leave a comment on our web page when you have time?
M: Sure. I had a really good stay here, and I'd like to recommend your hotel to my friends and colleagues.
W: That’s very kind of you. Thank you again for staying at Sheraton Hotel.
Q8. Why does the man ask about the quickest way to the airport?
Q9. How is the man going to pay his bill?
Q10. What did the man ask the woman to do?
Q11. What favor does the woman ask of the man?
長對話第二篇：
Long conversation 2
M: You know, Ben’s given up making those terrible faces he used to make. The other day, he came home from school almost in tears. His teacher said if he went on like that, his face would get stuck when the winds changed.
W: And he believed her?
M: Yeah, he’s only a little boy. Don’t you remember all those things we used to believe when we were little? I remember my aunt Mary used to say if you swallow a cherrystone, a tree would grow out of your mouth. And I’m still terrified today, sort of subconsciously. You know, if I swallow one by mistake…
W: Yeah, I suppose you're right. The one that used to get me was that swans could break your leg when they blow of the wing.
M: They can, can’t they? I always thought they could.
W: No, they are not that strong. But there’s another one even more terrifying. That is, if you put a post stamp on upside down, you will go to prison.
M: No, never heard of that. But my grandmother was a terror for that kind of thing. For example, she would say, you will get a spot on your tongue if you tell a lie. If you eat stale bread, your hair will curl. And here’s one more. We went on a campaign trip once in Italy, and my wife spent the whole time worrying about bats getting into her hair. She said her grandmother reckoned you had to shave your head to get it out. My wife was really terrified.
W: Silly, isn’t it? But that’s how some parents try to keep their kids from doing the wrong thing or getting into trouble.
Q12: What does the man say about Ben?
Q13: What did aunt Marry used to do when the man was a child?
Q14: What does the woman believe swans could do?
Q15: What did the grandmother of the man’s wife say?
聽力篇章第一篇：
If I could go back in history and live when I liked, I wouldn't go back very far. In fact, I'd like to relive a period I've already lived – the 1960s.
I was in my twenties, and everything was being renewed. People would come in out of a formal and almost Victorian attitude, and you really felt anything was possible. Meeting people was the thing, and you went to coffee bars where you met friends and spent the evening. The cinema, the theater, all that was every exciting with new things coming out. In fact, we seemed to be out, all the time! I don't really remember working – of course, I was a student – or sitting around at home very much. That just wasn't where the scene was, even eating! It was the first time, ordinary people started going out to eat. We were beginning to be adventurous about food, but we were more interested in meeting people than in eating or drinking. And dress, yes, that was the revolution. I mean, girls went around in really short skirts, and wore flowers in their hair. And men were in jeans, and could wear their hair long too. It was a wonderful period. It was like living in an age you could never have imagined, and that never has come back. We didn't have much money, but it didn't matter. And there was plenty of opportunity to do whatever you felt like doing.
Question 16 – 18 are based on the passage you have just heard:
16. Why does the speaker say he would like to relive the 1960s?
17. What does the speaker say was the most popular thing to do at that time?
18. What do we learn about the speaker?
聽力篇章第二篇：
Dogs, man's best friends, have a clear strategy for dealing with angry owners—they look away.
New research shows that dogs limit their eye contact with angry humans. The scientists suggest this may be an attempt to calm humans down. This behavior may have evolved as dogs gradually learned they could benefit from avoiding conflicts with humans.
To conduct the tests, the University of Helsinki researchers trained 31 dogs to rest in front of a video screen. Facial photos of dogs and humans were displayed on the screen for 1.5 seconds. They showed threatening, pleasant and neutral expressions. Nearby cameras tracked the dogs' eye movements.
Dogs in the study looked most at the eyes of humans and other dogs to sense their emotions. When dogs looked at expressions of angry dogs, their eyes rested more on the mouth, perhaps to interpret the threatening expressions. And when looking at angry humans, they tended to turn away their gaze.
Dogs may have learned to detect threat signs from humans and respond by trying to make peace, according to researcher Sanni Somppi. Avoiding conflicts may have helped dogs develop better bonds with humans.
The researchers also note that dogs scan faces as a whole to sense how people are feeling, instead of focusing on a given feature. They suggest this indicates that dogs aren't sensing emotions from a single feature, but piecing together information from all facial features just as humans do.
Q19. What do dogs do when they are faced with angry humans?
Q20. What does a dog do when it sees the expressions of angry dogs?
Q21. How does a dog sense people's feelings?
聽力篇章第三篇：
Winter in many places is very cold. There is lots of snow around, and the ground freezes, which can make life difficult for animals. People in cold places live in warm houses and have learned to adapt. What do animals do? There are three main ways that animals survive the cold in winter: sleep, adapt or migrate.
Some animals, such as bears, frogs and snakes, sleep all winter. They sleep very deeply and need little or no food. While sleeping, their body temperature drops, and their heart beat slows down. To prepare for this before winter, these animals eat extra food to become fat, which gives them the energy they need while they sleep.
Other animals adapt. For example, by staying active in winter. It is often hard for them to find food. So some animals, such as mice, collect extra food before winter, and hide it. When winter comes, they return to their hiding places to eat the food. Some animals grow thicker fur, or live in tree holes or underground to stay warm.
Some birds migrate by flying to a warmer place for the winter, where they can find more food. Some fly very long distances, including one kind of bird that flies from the remote north of the world, all the way to the distant south. Some birds fly in groups for safety, while others fly alone.
Questions 22-25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. What does the speaker say about animals in winter?
23. What do we learn about animals that sleep through winter?
24. How do animals like mice adapt to the severe winter?
25. Why do some birds fly in groups when migrating, according to the speaker?
參考答案：
新聞原文1
Q1：本題答案為B。在聽力原文中說到that said, our test driver believed the bus was going to slow or stop to allow us to merge into the traffic,
and that there would be sufficient space to do that."
谷歌的試駕員以為大巴會慢慢停下，就會給自駕車留有足夠空間併入車流中。言外之意是事實並非如此，所以試駕員判斷錯誤。
Q2：本題答案為D。在聽力末尾說到，The company's self-driving cars have done well over a million miles across various states in the US, and until now have only reported minor accidents. 無人駕駛車已經執行得非常好的穿越了美國的各大州，直到現在只有少數小事故。由此可見，總體來說做的比較好。
新聞原文2
Q3：本題答案為A。聽力原文中說到Tom Moses who works at a nearby national par，可知這個人是在附近的國家公園工作。
Q4：本題答案為B。聽力原文中說I have never seen that many bees in one spot. It was very unusual. They were very close together and there was a lot of noise and movements. 我從沒見過這麼多蜜蜂聚集在一個地方。它們靠得非常近，發出很多噪音。
新聞原文3
Q5：本題答案為A。聽力原文第一句點出主旨。A new species of snake has been discovered on a remote island in the Bahamas. 可知是發現了一種新的蛇。
Q6：本題答案為C。聽力原文中說到One of the creatures made a dramatic appearance by moving on to the head of the team leader as he slept. 其中一種蛇在這位科學家睡著的時候爬到了他的頭部。
Q7：本題答案為D。聽力原文中說到The snake has been named silver boa because it is metallic colored and the first specimen found was climbing a silver palm tree. 這個蛇被叫做銀蛇因為它金屬般的外表，也就是以其顏色命名。
長對話1
Q8：本題答案為C。聽力原文中My flight leaves in less than 2 hours. So, could you tell me, what's the quickest way to get there? 我的航班在兩小時內就要起飛。所以可以告訴我怎麼去機場最快嗎?所以原因是兩小時內要起飛，其他選項的原因未提及。
Q9：本題答案為B。聽力原文中男士說到I'll pay with my credit card.他會用信用卡支付。
Q10：本題答案為A。聽力原文中男士說到But I'll need a receipt, so I can charge it to my company.他需要一份收據，這樣他可以向公司報賬。
Q11：本題答案為D。聽力原文中女士問男士would you like to leave a comment on our web page when you have time?她想讓這位先生在他們的網站上寫個評價。
長對話2
Q12：本題答案為C。聽力原文中男生說到Ben’s given up making those terrible faces he used to make.本不再做以前那些鬼臉。
Q13：本題答案為D。聽力原文中男生描述他奶奶說過的話For example, she would say, you will get a spot on your tongue if you tell a lie. 如果你撒了謊，你的舌頭上會出現斑點。所以是在警示他編故事、說謊的危險性。
Q14：本題答案為A。聽力原文中女生說到The one that used to get me was that swans could break your leg when they blow of the wing. 女生相信天鵝在拍打它們翅膀的時候會使你的.腿折斷，即天鵝會折斷人的腿。
Q15：本題答案為B。聽力原文中男生說他妻子的奶奶告訴她She said her grandmother reckoned you had to shave your head to get it out. 必須要剃光頭才可以取出蝙蝠。
短文1
Q16：本題答案為C。聽力原文中說到I was in my twenties, and everything was being renewed. Renewed是更新的的意思，說明一切都在變化。
Q17：本題答案為A。聽力原文中說到Meeting people was the thing, and you went to coffee bars where you met friends and spent the evening. 去咖啡廳和朋友見面度過一個晚上，這是最流行的事，was the thing是口語化的表達，意思是很火、很流行。
Q18：本題答案為D。聽力原文中說到of course, I was a student。說明作者當時是學生。
短文2
Q19：本題答案為B。聽力原文中說到Dogs, man's best friends, have a clear strategy for dealing with angry owners—they look away. New research shows that dogs limit their eye contact with angry humans. 狗是人類最好的朋友，在碰到它們的主人生氣時會走開，避免眼神交流。
Q20：本題答案為C。聽力原文中說到When dogs looked at expressions of angry dogs, their eyes rested more on the mouth。狗在遇到生氣的同伴時會把眼神關注在對方的嘴巴上。
Q21：本題答案為B。聽力原文中說到The researchers also note that dogs scan faces as a whole to sense how people are feeling, instead of focusing on a given feature. 研究者們說狗透過整體地看人的臉來判斷人的情緒而不是隻聚焦在某一個點上。As a whole表示作為整體。
短文3
Q22：本題答案為D。聽力原文中說到What do animals do? There are three main ways that animals survive the cold in winter: sleep, adapt or migrate. 動物怎麼過冬呢?總體上動物有三種方法度過寒冷的冬天，分別是冬眠、使自身適應環境、遷徙。說明動物有不同的方法來應對寒冷。
Q23：本題答案為C。聽力原文中說到To prepare for this before winter, these animals eat extra food tobecome fat, which gives them the energy they need while they sleep. 在冬天來臨之前，選擇冬眠的動物會吃更多的食物，這樣可以在它們冬眠的時候給予它們能量。所以冬眠時它們消耗之前儲蓄的能量。
Q24：本題答案為A。聽力原文中說到So some animals, such as mice, collect extra food before winter, and hide it. When winter comes, they return to their hiding places to eat the food. 像老鼠這樣的動物，它們在冬天之前會採集更多的食物並把食物藏起來。冬天到來後，它們再去藏食物的地方去吃這些食物，即提前儲蓄足夠的食物。
Q25：本題答案為C。聽力末尾說到Some birds fly in groups for safety, while others fly alone.有些鳥考慮到安全因素成群的遷徙。
閱讀試題
選詞填空題目：啤酒
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花), for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a- 26 recent addition to the beverage. This was mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a--- 27 ingredient in residue (殘留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While excavating two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and ve__ . The different shapes of the containers 28they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They --may be ancient “beer-making tools,” and the earliest 29evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To 30that hypothesis, the team examined the yellowish, dried 31 inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like barley (大麥), and about 10% were bits of roots, 32 lily, would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn’t become a 33food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have 34in the region not as food, but as35material for beer brewing.
答案：26.I 27.N 28.M 29.C 30.O 31.J 32.E 33.L 34.K 35.G
解析選項詞詞性意義分析：
A) Arrived [v-ed] 到達
B) Consuming [v-ing] 消費
C) Direct [adj.] 直接的
D) Exclusively [adv.] 排外地
E) Including [prep.] 包括
F) Inform [v.] 通知
G) Raw [adj.] 未加工的
H) Reached [v-ed] 達到
I) Relatively [adv.] 相對地
J) Remains [v.] 保留 [n.] 剩餘物
K) Resources [n.] 資源
L) Staple [adj.] 主要的
M) Suggest [v.] 建議
N) Surprising [adj.] 令人驚訝的
O) Test [v.] 測試 / [n.] 測試
26.I 由空格前的a和空格後的recent，可以判定空格處缺副詞，所以在D和I裡面選擇，根據語義，應該選I，relatively。
27.N 由空格後的ingredient，可以判定空格前缺形容詞，根據語義，選N，surprising。
28.M 由空著前的container和空格後的they，可以判定空格處缺謂語動詞，根據語義，選M，suggest。
29.C 由空格前的earliest和空格後的evidence，可以判定空格處缺形容詞，根據語義，選C，direct。
30.O 由空格前的to和空格後的that，可以判定空格處缺動詞原形，根據空格後的的hypnosis，選O，test，意為“為了驗證這個假設”
31.J 由空格前的dried可以判定空格處缺名詞，根據語義，選J，remains(剩餘物/沉澱物)
32.E 由空格前的about 10% were bits of roots,以及空格後的lily，可以判定選E，including
33.L 由空格前的a和空格後的food，可以判定空格處缺形容詞，根據語義，選L，staple
34.A 由空格前的may have和空格後的in the region可以判定空格處缺Ved，根據語義，選A，arrived
35.G 由空格前的but as和空格後的material可以判定選項詞為形容詞，根據意義，選G，raw。
原文：
Beer recipes change over time. Hops, for example—which give many a modern brewski its bitter, citrusy flavor—are a relatively recent addition to the beverage, first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a surprising ingredient in residue from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While excavating two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered pottery fragments from pots, funnels, amphorae, and stoves (stove fragment pictured). The different shapes of the containers suggest they were used to brew, filter, and store beer—they may be ancient “beer-making toolkits,” and the earliest direct evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers report online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To test that hypothesis, the team examined the yellowish, dried dregs inside the vessels. about a third of the starch grains they found were pitted, swollen, folded, or distorted—types of mangling that can occur during the malting and mashing needed to make beer. The majority of the grains—about 80%—were from cereal crops like millet and barley, and about 10% were bits of tubers, including yam and lily, which would have sweetened the brew, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: The crop was domesticated in western Eurasia and didn’t become a staple food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. based on that timing, they suggest barley may have arrived in the region not as food, but as fodder for brewing beer.
翻譯：
啤酒配方隨著時間而改變。例如給許多現代啤酒帶來苦味和柑橘味的啤酒花，是相對較晚被新增到啤酒中的成分，在九世紀與釀酒相關的史料中首次被提及。現在，研究人員在5000年前的釀酒製品殘留物中發現了驚人的成分。在中國中原地區兩個考古坑進行挖掘的期間，科學家們發現了來自 陶罐、漏斗、雙耳陶罐和火爐的陶製碎片（火爐碎片如圖）。研究人員今天在《國家科學院院刊》網路版中報告稱，容器的不同形狀表示它們曾被用來釀造、過濾和儲存啤酒，它們可能是古代的“啤酒製作工具包”，也是最早的有關中國啤酒釀造的直接證據。為了檢驗這一假設，研究小組檢測了容器內暗黃乾燥的殘留物。其中發現的澱粉顆粒中約有三分之一或凹或脹，或摺疊或扭曲，這些變形會在釀造啤酒所需的麥芽處理和麥芽漿製作的過程中發生。科學家們表示，這些穀粒中的大多數，約80%，來自小米和大麥這樣的穀類作物，同時10%左右來自塊莖植物，包括山藥和百合，它們給這些啤酒增添了甜味。研究人員表示，大麥是一個意外的發現：這種農作物在歐亞大陸西部種植，直到大約2000年前才成為中國中部地區的主食。根據這一時間點，研究人員表示大麥當時可能是作為釀造啤酒的原料，而不是一種食物被引入中國中原地區的。
段落資訊匹配
36 [H] 題幹：Successful team leaders know exactly where the team
should go and are able to take promptaction.
37 [D] 題幹：Decentralisation of authority was also found to be more effective in military operations.
38 [B] 題幹：In many companies,the conventional form of organisation is giving way to a network of teams.
39 [J] 題幹：Members of poorly managed teams are easily distracted from their work.
40 [G] 題幹：Teamwork is most effective when team members share the same culture.
41 [A] 題幹：According to a report by Deloitte,teamwork is becoming increasingly popular among companies.
42 [F] 題幹：Some team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team's purpose.
43 [E] 題幹：Some scholars think teamwork may not always be reliable,despite its potential to work wonders.
44 [I] 題幹：To ensure employee's commitment,it is advisable to give them more flexibility as to where and how they work.
45 [C] 題幹： Product transitions take much less time now than in the past.