清明節手抄報英文版
清明節手抄報英文版
1、Qing Ming Jie(All Souls' Day)
Qing Ming is a time to remember the dead and the dearly departed. More important, it is a period to honour and to pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members. Because it reinforces the ethic of filial piety, Qing Ming is a major Chinese festival.
Literally meaning "clear" (Qing) and "bright" (Ming), this Chinese festival falls in early spring, on the 106th day after the winter solstice. It is a "spring" festival, and it is an occasion for the whole family to leave the home and to sweep the graves of their forebears. Chinese being practical people this sweeping of the graves is given an extended period, that is, 10 days before and after Qing Ming day. Among some dialect groups a whole month is allocated.
清明節是一個紀念祖先的節日。主要的紀念儀式是掃墓，掃墓是慎終追遠、郭親睦鄰及行孝的具體表現;基於上述意義，清明節因此成為華人的重要節日。 清明節是在仲春和暮春之交，也就是冬至後的106天。掃墓活動通常是在清明節的前十天或後十天。有些地域的人士的掃墓活動長達一個月。
ORIGIN(起源)
Qing Ming is popularly associated with Jie Zi Zhui, who lived in Shanxi province in 600 B.C. Legend has it that Jie saved his starving lord's life by serving a piece of his own leg. When the lord succeeded in becoming the ruler of a small principality, he invited his faithful follower to join him. However, Jie declined his invitation, preferring to lead a hermit's life with his mother in the mountains.
Believing that he could force Jie out by burning the mountain, the lord ordered his men to set the forest on fire. To his consternation, Jie chose to remain where he was and was burnt to death. To commemorate Jie, the lord ordered all fires in every home to be put out on the anniversary of Jie's death. Thus began the "cold food feast", a day when no food could be cooked since no fire could be lit.
The "cold food" festival occurs on the eve of Qing Ming and is often considered as part of the Qing Ming festival. As time passes, the Qing Ming festival replaced the "cold food" festival. Whatever practice is observed，the basic observation of Qing Ming is to remember one's elders by making a special effort to visit their graves, ashes or ancestral tablets. To make the visit even more meaningful, some time should be spent to remind the younger members of the family of the lives and contributions of their ancestors, and the story of Jie Zi Zhui who choose death over capitulation.
談到清明節，有點歷史知識的人，都會聯想到歷史人物介子椎。據歷史記載，在兩千多年以前的`春秋時代，晉國公子重耳逃亡在外，生活艱苦，跟隨他的介子椎不惜從自己的腿上割下一塊肉讓他充飢。後來，重耳回到晉國，作了國君(即晉文公，春秋五霸之一)，大事封賞所有跟隨他流亡在外的隨從，惟獨介子椎拒絕接受封賞，他帶了母親隱居綿山。
晉文公無計可施，只好放火燒山，他想，介子椎孝順母親，一定會帶著老母出來。誰知這場大火卻把介子椎母子燒死了。為了紀念介子椎，晉文公下令每年的這一天，禁止生火，家家戶戶只能吃生冷的食物，這就是寒食節的來源。
寒食節是在清明節的前一天，古人常把寒食節的活動延續到清明，久而久之，清明取代了寒食節。拜介子椎的習俗也變成了清明掃墓的習俗了。無論以何種形式紀念，為了使紀念祖先的儀式更有意義，我們應該讓年輕一代的家庭成員瞭解先人過去的奮鬥歷史，當然，還要學習介子椎寧死不屈的氣節。
2、清明節風俗
1) 掃墓
清明時節祭掃祖墳(俗稱"上墳")。無錫的傳統民俗較有代表性。掃墓時要挑些新士壅墳塋，而且凡新墳一定要在清明前祭掃，舊墳可以過清明.但不能過立夏。新媳婦一定要去祭掃祖墳，俗稱"上花墳"。掃墓時用葷、素菜餚和酒、飯等祭奠。後用乾果糕點等替代。 時至今日，在烈士陵園緬懷革命先烈成為清明節裡很重要的內容，在祭炎黃二祖、悼念自己的先祖的同時，緬懷先烈的豐功偉績，使今天的清明活動具有了更重要的教育意義。
2) 踏青
清明時節，氣候溫暖和煦，大地皆春，處處鮮花嫩草，一片生機盎然，人們紛紛外出踏青。在無錫，踏青的最好場所莫過於惠山。不上惠山的，上城牆繞城而走，叫登高踏青。東門東林庵一帶，為士女聚集處，故有"東林庵裡看桃花"的說法。這天，也是東鄉膠山和北鄉斗山的節場，附近還有賽會，故斗山別名清明山。人們都上山踏青，趕節場，觀看賽會。從元宵節至清明節，大人孩子，三五成群，到野外放鳳箏，別有情趣。
3) 門旁插柳和戴柳枝帽
清明節那天，有家家門口插柳條的風俗。在一些地區，還流行小孩帶柳枝帽的風俗。
門旁插柳和戴柳枝帽習俗的來源也是根據介子椎的傳說。據說，介子椎是死在柳樹下面的。介子椎死後的第二年晉文公率領群臣到綿山致祭，一行人先在山下寒食一日，第二天才上山。那棵柳樹，已經長出了翠綠的嫩條。晉文公看了，心中忽有所感，便走上前去，掐了一絲，編成一個圈兒帶在頭上。隨從的臣下看了,也紛紛仿效他折柳插頭。晉文公便把這棵柳樹賜名為清明柳，把這一天定為清明節。
3、清明與節氣
清明節即是節氣又是節日。從節氣上來說，它是24節氣之一。
我國2000多年前的秦漢時期已基本形成了24節氣。24節氣綜合了天文學和氣象學等方面的知識，編排了"春雨驚春清谷天，夏滿芒夏暑相連。秋處露秋寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒"的歌謠。其中清明被排在歌謠的第五位。也是農曆曆法中的第五個節氣。
此時，天氣轉暖，大地回春，萬物復甦，一片生機盎然，家家門口插柳條，祭掃墳墓和郊外踏青。農諺中也有"清明忙種粟"的說法。作為以花信為標誌的花信風。清明的花期為一侯桐花，二侯麥花，三侯柳花，充分點明瞭清明節氣的花期和花種。《歲時百問》說"萬物生長此時，皆清潔而明淨，故謂之清明"。